Construction aggregates, metals and biotic materials: recycling and recovery

The building and transport sectors use large quantities of primary raw materials. Recycling therefore has a key role to play in reducing consumption and conserving resources in these sectors. In a circular economy, end-of-life (EOL) products are treated not as waste but as resources.

Different raw materials require very different treatment pathways, so appropriate strategies need to be developed for each specific material. With aggregates such as gypsum or concrete, Germany’s European neighbours are leading by example, with better-functioning systems, as well as higher recycling rates, as shown in the examples below.

The regulations on waste management and recycling adopted at national, European and global level provide the general framework. Sustainable extraction of primary raw materials is also important; the relevant legal provisions and the specific characteristics of the extractive materials must be considered in this context.