Monitoring, Reporting and Verification of CO2 emissions from ships

The European Commission plans to introduce a monitoring, reporting and verification system for marine vessels as an initial step towards global or regional policies that would limit greenhouse gas emissions from maritime shipping. The discussion paper analyses the relationship between monitoring options and the possible policy measures. Additionally, different aspects of the monitoring, verification and reporting procedures are discussed in detail. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of monitoring options in particular with regard to the future development of policy instruments.